“信息茧房”在西方:似是而非的概念与算法的“破茧”求解

桑斯坦提出的"信息茧房",基于美国两党政治的语境对新技术降低政治信息多元化以及政治信息极化的忧虑,如今却被泛用于所有信息。但是西方学界尚无有力研究证实"信息茧房"的存在。事实上,造成"信息茧房"的单纯信息环境很难在现实中出现。Web2.0技术提供了与志同道合的人讨论问题的机会,也增加了与那些持不同观点的人讨论问题的可能性,很难形成信息茧房和回音室。本文也探讨了算法优化以降低信息茧房风险的可能性。算法技术对多样性的提升主要基于两种路径:第一种路径是使个性化推荐系统的使用者"意识到未知";第二种路径是通过加深"个性化"来有效增强"多样性"。本文分析了信息聚合及其积极意义,以及Web2.0技术条件下"积极的受众(用户)"的可能。文中讨论了一些"除茧""破茧"的可能途径。我们不认同桑斯坦提出的偶然性信息的解决方案,认为真正要解决"信息茧房"之忧的问题,不如回到问题提出的原点,将实验条件下的单纯信息环境还原到人们的真实信息环境中,反省"信息茧房"这个虽有衍生空间和警示价值,却仍似是而非、缺乏科学证据的概念。     

基于区块链技术的数字档案信息安全建设策略探究

区块链作为一种新兴的技术,在数字档案信息安全管理领域有着广阔的应用前景。文章首先讨论了区块链技术在档案管理领域的应用研究现状,其次分析了数字档案信息安全建设中存在的内容失真风险、信息泄密风险、数字档案信息可靠性风险。最后在风险分析的基础上结合区块链的技术,通过运用哈希算法、非对称数字加密技术、可信时间戳技术来保证数字档案信息的真实性、完整性、有效性和安全性。     

整合与共享:档案数据管理范式下的档案资源研究

当前随着政府信息开放共享的不断发展,社会公众对档案数据信息的公开程度的要求越来越高。社会各界对档案信息公众服务价值发挥更大效用的迫切需要,使得档案资源的有机整合与高效共享成为档案学发展的一个热点内容。档案数据管理的转变正在成为档案管理研究的新范式,本文在分析档案数据信息资源整合与共享时,首先讨论了云计算、大数据等信息技术对档案资源管理的深刻影响;从内容整合、技术整合、服务整合三个层面阐述了档案数据资源的整合;从政策、安全、技术等角度提出了相关共享对策。     

也谈档案信息资源整合问题及对策

档案信息资源整合始终是档案界的热门话题,也是档案部门多年来一直努力追求的工作目标。文章分析了档案资源整合工作存在的问题,并就这些问题提出对策。     

数字档案信息资源共享机制构建分析

大数据时代,数字档案信息资源共享已经成为档案管理发展的必然要求和必然趋势。文章分析了大数据时代数字档案信息资源共享面临的发展机遇、数字档案信息资源共享的价值和意义、数字档案信息资源共享机制路径和措施。     

基于EHR探讨大学生健康档案管理模式

运用EHR(电子健康档案管理系统),能使大学生的健康数据信息化、系统化。该模式在健康档案管理中的应用,能使大学生的身心健康得到更加全面的监督,为校内健康环境的改善及大学生健康水平的提高打下基础。     

Tailoring an information skills programme for Trainee Nursing Associates

This feature describes the tailored information skills programme which was delivered for the second cohort of Trainee Nursing Associates (TNAs) at Barnsley Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and presents the results of the evaluation which was undertaken. Literature searching and critical appraisal were offered to the first cohort. Feedback was collated, and sessions were refined and tailored to better meet the information needs of the second cohort of TNAs. A comparison of confidence ratings before and after the programme ascertained whether the information skills programme had a positive benefit in confidence levels of attendees. D.I.     

Librarians collaborate successfully with nursing faculty and a writing centre to support nursing students doing professional doctorates

This study explores how a three‐way collaboration between a University library, writing centre and faculty created avenues of training and support for students within a Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) program in an American University. The role of each partner involved in the collaboration is discussed alongside the profile of the DNP students. Lesson planning and classroom techniques for DNP information literacy classes are described and feedback from the partners and the students are discussed. The study confirms that collaboration is effective in improving research and writing skills. D.I.     

Library Jargon Creates Barriers for Potential Users of Health Library and Information Services

This paper is based on Helen Kiely’s Masters dissertation on MA in Library and Information Service Management, successfully completed at the University of Sheffield in 2018. The aim of the study was to explore the extent to which users of a health care library service understood common terminology used by clinical librarians/information professionals. A survey was developed based on the terminology used for common services and was distributed to staff and students at an acute NHS Foundation Trust. One hundred and eight people participated over a four week period and were asked to provide definitions to the terms. Analysis of the responses for accuracy and common themes indicates that jargon can be a barrier to user access and recommendations are made with respect to the need for outreach to users and the language used in this practice for creating better accessibility. F.J.